Understandings:
- Monosaccharide monomers are linked together by condensation reactions to form disaccharides and polysaccharide polymers.
- Fatty acids can be saturated, monounsaturated or polyunsaturated.
- Unsaturated fatty acids can be cis or trans isomers.
- Triglycerides are formed by condensation from three fatty acids and one glycerol.
Applications and skills:
- Application: Structure and function of cellulose and starch in plants and glycogen in humans.
- Application: Scientific evidence for health risks of trans fats and saturated fatty acids.
- Application: Lipids are more suitable for long-term energy storage in humans than carbohydrates.
- Application: Evaluation of evidence and the methods used to obtain the evidence for health claims made about lipids.
- Skill: Use of molecular visualization software to compare cellulose, starch and glycogen.
- Skill: Determination of body mass index by calculation or use of a nomogram.
Guidance:
- The structure of starch should include amylose and amylopectin.
- Named examples of fatty acids are not required.
- Sucrose, lactose and maltose should be included as examples of disaccharides produced by combining monosaccharides.
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International-mindedness:
- Variation in the prevalence of different health problems around the world could be discussed including obesity, dietary energy deficiency, kwashiorkor, anorexia nervosa and coronary heart disease.
Theory of knowledge:
- There are conflicting views as to the harms and benefits of fats in diets. How do we decide between competing views?
Utilization:
- Potatoes have been genetically modified to reduce the level of amylose to produce a more effective adhesive.
- Syllabus and cross-curricular links: Biology
- Option B: Biotechnology and bioinformatics
Aims:
- Aim 8: There are social implications of obesity.
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